Лінгвостилістичні особливості поетичного тексту

Содержание:Introduction     3 THE THEORETICAL PART  5 1. PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS        5 1.1       CLASSIFICATION   7 1.2       FUNCTIONS 8 2. PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS. PRACTICAL PART         11 2.1 Phraseological unities         11 2.2 Standardized phrases are semantically motivated conventional word-groups          12 2.3 Comparisons         15 2.4 Metaphors 16 2.5 Metonymies           18 2.6 Phraseological units, expressing different emotions or characterizing people or their actions            21 2.7       Proverbs          24 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS            27 Резюме           29 Bibliography     30

Вступление:Learning every language, we deal with its language vocabulary and begin to compare the difference between the vocabulary of foreign language and Ukrainian. Every language is rich in different phraseological units. These parts of speech enrich it, make it brightly and more emotionally colored. phraseological units have been forming by generation for ages. They express the wisdom, smartness and sound mind and a good sense of humor of people. Every nation has its own proverbs and saying and other stable winged phrases, without which the speech of every nation wouldn’t be so expressive and bright. The objects of the research are English phraseological units, and their subjects are their system and functional peculiarities. The material of this research are 5796 are English phraseological units, taken from the different vocabularies: The Penguin Dictionary of Proverbs (pecularities.ed. by R. Fergusson), The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs (ed. by J. Simpson, J. Speake) and chosen by the method of  the whole selection from English publicistic and fiction texts. The actuality of the work is caused by the necessity to determine linguistic status of phraseological units, determine their types and functions in the texts. The aim of this work is to determine the functions and the structure of English phraseological units and analyze their translation into Ukrainian. The given aim can be reached through the solving of the complex tasks: To analyze the types of phraseological units in English; •   to show the ways of translation of English ; proverbs into Ukrainian; •   to learn out the functions of the phraseological units. There are many phraseological units which have the same meaning and translation in both languages, as they could be borrowed from another language, but there are many idioms, set expression and proverbs, which do not have any equivalents n another language. With the help of this research, it’ll become clear. It is very important to translate phraseological units correctly, as they can loose their real meaning and sense. In this work, some classifications of phraseological units in English and Ukrainian are represented. For many years different linguists had been trying to find out their own classification of phraseological units or to add something new to the existing ones. Nowadays we have many perfect classifications of phraseological units, which represent the types of phraseological units in both languages. With the help of these classifications it is possible o compare the types of phraseological units in English and Ukrainian and the comparison gives the possibility to find out the differences and the common sources of this wonderful part of speech - phraseological units.

Выводы:The vocabulary of a language is enriched not only by words but also by phraseological units. Phraseological units are word-groups that cannot be made in the process of speech, they exist in the language as ready-made units. They are compiled in special dictionaries. The same as words phraseological units express a single notion and are used in a sentence as one part of it.    Phraseological means of speech are the quintessence of its national face. They include a great power of expression and emotional inspiration.    Phraseological units have being thought to be the one of the most specific features of each language. They are defined out from definite structural and functional styles more expressively than other separate words, expressing their appliance to each of them, and also to the sphere of oral and written speech, they have brighter expressive and emotional coloring. In this work we had examined the types of phraseological units in English and Ukrainian and than we compared them. So, in English according to the main classifications, there are such phraseological units as: 1.  Standardized phrases. 2.  Phraseological unities. 3.  Comparative phrases 4.  Unchangeable idioms (phraseological fusions). Phraseological units also include provebs, sayings and set-expressions. Each of these, however, is not a completely isolated group, for it is sometimes impossible to draw a rigid line of demarcation between the given types. In a number of instances we find phraseological units of mixed nature which occupy an intermediate position. According to their functions, the phraseological units can be used for purposes. They are often used in different fiction literature and folk tales, and they make their context brighter and emotionally expressive.  

Литература:1. Akhmanva O. Lexicology: Theory and Method. MGU. 1972 2. .Agareva А. Emotionally-evaluating Senses of the Phraseological Units, 1987. – p.5-8. 3. Alipherenko М.P.. Theoretical Questions of Phraseology. – Kharkiv, 1987. – 198 p. 4. Arnold I.V. Lexicology of Modern English. Moscow. 1973. 5. Avskentjev L.H. Modern Ukrainian Phraseology . – Kharkiv, 1983 6. Babkin L. Phraseology and Lexicography – М. – L, 1964. – p. 10-37. 7. Bagmut А.J. Semantic and Intonation in Ukrainian. – К., 1991. – 78 p. 8. Bilonizhenko V.M., Hnatjuk I.M. Functioning and Lexicographical Development of Ukrainian Phraseological Units. – К.: Naukova Dumka, 1989. – 154 p. 9. Vinigradov V.V. About the Language of Fiction. – М., 1969. – 322 с. 10. Ginzburg R.S. A course of Modern English Lexicology. Moscow. 1979. 11. Demskyj М. Ukrainian Phrazems and the peculiarities of their formation. – L., 1994 – 62 p. 12. Favourite English Proverbs and Sayings - К.: Кrynytsya, 2001. – 80p. 13. Kunin  А.V. English Phraseology: Moscow: High School. 1970 14. Orembovskaya, Gvarjaladze. English Lexicology 15. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiom.